August 13, 2018
Ridge Spring News
Harriet Householder
Part
III
Article Appeared in
the Sunday Morning State Newspaper August 6, 1905
FRUIT GROWING AT RIDGE SPRING
Written for the State by Fritz Hugh McMaster
Wanted - A General Superintendent
Probably
one of the most popular citizens of Ridge Spring is Mr. T. B. Edwards, head of
the firm of T. B. Edwards and Co. He is
one of the most successful merchants of the place and one of the most popular. He devotes his time to his merchandizing and
while he has peach orchards and ships large quantities of fruit he does not
give it a great deal of his person attention.
Mr.
Edwards is of the opinion that it would be a profitable thing for the fruit
growers to employ expert fruit grower who would have in his care all the
orchards in a community. His idea is to
have a system that holds among tobacco growers.
The expert would give his whole time to the care of the orchards, their
fertilization, pruning, spraying, the destruction of diseased trees and the
planting of young ones.
Mr. Edwards thinks this would result
in the production of a finer grade of fruit and protection from disease. The suggestion of Mr. Edwards may mean the
chance for some practical fruit expert to get a good position and at same time
serve a community well.
Apples Rarely Pay
One of the youngest and most
enterprising merchants of the town is Mr. W. H. Stuckey. He also grows considerable fruit. For about seven years he has been shipping
apples. He has about two acres in
apples. This year has been the most
successful year he has ever had and his apples have netted him about $100 an
acre. He is of the opinion that apples do not pay so well as other fruit in
this altitude. His apples are June
Astracans. (this part was illegible but stated something to the affect that peaches
are more profitable on a larger scale)
Mr. Stuckey has five acres of
peaches bearing fruit and three acres more of younger trees. He bought the orchard already planted.
It is about ten years old. The
replanting of trees does not amount to much and a healthy peach tree can be
expected to bear fruit profitably for 13 to 15 years. It is not unusual to find a tree 20 years old
bearing fruit abundantly. It can be
estimated however, that a peach orchard will need to be replanted every 15
years.
Mr. Stuckey's net returns from is
peaches in 1905 were about $40 an acre and his average net return per acre has
been from $30 to $35. The varieties he
has in bearing are Crawfords and Mountain Rose.
His younger trees are Elbertas and Carmen. Mr. Stuckey comparing peaches with cotton
finds that peaches pay best because land that will net $25 to the acre in
peaches would not net more than five 410
bales. In other words it takes better
land in make cotton than will grow peaches profitably. The best peaches are made on the ridges and hillsides
and not in the valleys. Light soils highly
cultivated make the best peaches. Mr.
Stuckey is competent to make such comparison as he has made somewhat unusual
crops of cotton on small plots. On one
2 1/2 acre lot he made five 450
bales. Mr. Stuckey has had very sound
fruit as the growing of Ridge Spring generally have. They are not troubled with unsound fruit.
Some Remarkable Yields
Messrs.
M. W. Watson and Sons are experienced and successful growers of peaches plums,
asparagus and Astracan apples. As with nearly all the other fruit raisers,
peaches are their principal crop. They
have in bearing eight acres and have 35 more acres of Elbertas, two years
old. It is to be judged by this that
they are believers in the value of Elbertas.
This firm has had some remarkable yields. Three years ago they gathered 832 crates of
peaches from 117 trees. When it is
remembered that a crate holds about three pecks. It is seen that this average was about five
bushels to the tree. Estimating the new
profit at 50 cents to the crate, the net average profit per tree was about $3.50.
This year from 150 trees they have
already gathered 200 crates and will gather about 300 more crates. The net profit of 50 cents a crate is about
what Messrs. M. W. Watson and Sons have found to be correct.
From apples they have found the net
profit to be more per crate, but not so much per acre. The net profit per crate from apples is about
50 cents. Charleston has been found to
be the best market for apples and the Red Astracans find ready sale there.
Messrs. M. W. Watson and Sons have
three acres in Asparagus and their profits from this has been about $60 an
acre. They expect to plant more
asparagus as their results from it have been gratifying. A striking feature of asparagus shipments is
that bleached grass sells best in the south and green grass in the north. The experts say the green brass is the best. In the larger markets the bleached grass will
bring $3.50 a dozen bunches against $9 a dozen for the green grass.
This firm has been very successful
with plums. The average yield from the
plums is about two and a half crates to the tree.
Messrs M. W. Watson and Sons are in
accord with the prevailing opinion in that the successful fruit raiser of the
future is he who takes care of his trees, but so far their trees have given
then little trouble as compared to their neighbors. They have never had to spray their
trees. They attribute this to the fact
that their orchard is far from other orchards and most of their bearing trees
are old. On their young orchard they
expect to spray thoroughly.
A Crate Factory
Mr. J. W. Seigler is the proprietor
of the only crate and basket factory in this section. His factory has a capacity of 400 complete
crates a day. A complete crate is the crate itself with a dividing rack and six
baskets. Mr. Seigler finds it somewhat
difficult to get sufficient quantities of the right kinds of woods for crate
making. Poplar and sweet gum are the
best kind but pine is also used. The
making of the crates and baskets is a simple process. The logs of pine , sweet gum or poplar are
cut to convenient lengths for handling and are then put in steam vats where
they are thoroughly steamed for from five to 24 hours. They are then put in the veneering machine,
which is like a turning machine, and the veneering comes off in long strips
which is then cut to proper widths and lengths and the baskets and crates made
in easy fashion. A basket will hold not
quite a half peck and the six baskets to the crate will hold scarcely three
pecks.
Mr. Seigler makes all the asparagus
boxes that are used at Ridge spring but his factory cannot supply more than
about one third the peach boxes needed.
Mr. Seigler also plants fruit. He has about 1,000 to 1,200 trees of 15 to 20
varieties. He is shipping fruit from
about the last of May till the middle of August. He has had the best results from Greensboro
and Elberta varieties.
A Successful Fruit Grower
Mr.
R. M. Asbill who is with T. E Edwards and Co. is not an extensive planter of
fruit but he has the reputation on knowing a great deal about the business and
of growing very fine fruit.
He was about the first man in Ridge
Spring to spray his trees. He used
kerosene and water at first but expects to try other mixtures. He has four acres in five varieties of peaches:
Tillotsons, St Johns, Mountain Rose, Crawfords
and Elbertas. He has found them
all profitable. His shipments commence
about June 20th and end about July 25th.
Mr. Asbill does not think an orchard
can exist without spraying but does not find spraying beneficial except in the
killing of insects. In spraying he commences
at the bop of the tree and comes down so as to gauge the amount for each
tree. (the paper was folded at this
point and is hard to read) No more than
necessary is to be used so little is allowed to reach the roots. He thinks a solution of lime, sulphur and
salt a better spray than the simple kerosene and water.
Mr. Asbill does not allow a peach
stone or a rotten peach to remain in his orchard. He believes in clean culture and every third
year sows peas in the orchard. He cuts
off the hay and plows the stubble
under. He plows as close to the trunk of
the tree as the plow will go without injury
to the tree. He has the earth pulled away from the roots of the tree in
November and about April 20th (or 30th) the trees are hilled with a hoe. The pulling away of the earth in the fall
keeps the tree clear of borers and putting the earth back in the spring
protects the roots from the sun.
Three
years ago Mr. Asbill made a net profit from his four acres of $550. Two years
ago a hail storm nearly stripped his trees and his net profits went down to
$185. Last year he cleared $650 and this
hear he will make about a$350. Of course
these figures do not take into consideration fruit used by the family for
cutting, preserving, canning and giving away. As a matter of fact wagon loads
of fruit are given away each year b the growers of Ridge Spring to their
friends and neighbors. Practically one may have all the fruit be will gather.